{"id":125,"date":"2022-10-07T15:43:17","date_gmt":"2022-10-07T14:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/?page_id=125"},"modified":"2023-02-13T14:55:44","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T13:55:44","slug":"betingelser-if-elseif-else","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/?page_id=125","title":{"rendered":"Betingelser (if-elseif-else)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h5>PSEUdokode<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>I Python handler betingelser om \u00e5 sammenligne mellom feks to verdier. Du kan f\u00e5 Python til \u00e5 gj\u00f8re et spesifikt valg dersom en verdi er over eller under en terskelverdi. F\u00f8lgende eksempel i <a href=\"https:\/\/no.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pseudokode\">pseudokode <\/a>kan eksemplifisere dette: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Dersom h\u00f8yden din er st\u00f8rre enn 150 cm,\ns\u00e5 kan du kj\u00f8re berg-og-dalbane\nhvis ikke\ns\u00e5 m\u00e5 du kj\u00f8re radiobiler<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Dette kan igjen struktureres mer slik: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>hvis (h\u00f8yde &gt;= 150)\n    berg-og-dalbane = ok\nellers\n    radiobiler = ok<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>I et python program s\u00e5 kunne dette v\u00e6rt realisert slik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/trinket.io\/embed\/python\/c43a82a5c1\" width=\"100%\" height=\"300\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Kodeordene&#8221; vi bruker i betingelser har rot i normalt spr\u00e5k. Ordene &#8220;if, elif og else&#8221; kan vi oversette med hvis, ellers-hvis og ellers. I daglig tale kan ogs\u00e5 ordet &#8220;dersom&#8221; brukes om &#8220;hvis&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5>operatorer<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Innen Pythons <strong>betingelser <\/strong>kan vi utforske operatorer. Dette kan vil kalle Pythons sammenligningsverkt\u00f8y. Vi har flere operatorer som vi kan utforske. Disse kalles boolske operatorer. Og vi kan ogs\u00e5 da si at vi driver med boolsk algebra n\u00e5r vi regner med dem. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I vinduet under kan du utforske operatorer: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>AND<\/li><li>OR<\/li><li>NOT<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Det finnes ogs\u00e5 flere men vi kan ta for oss AND og OR n\u00e5 f\u00f8rst. Sannhetstabellen for AND ser slik ut:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>and<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>=<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>svar<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">and<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">and<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">and<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">and<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Sannhetstabell for boolsk operator: and<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Man kan tolke dette som at begge tilfellene A og B m\u00e5 v\u00e6re sanne for at det skal bli et sant utfall ved bruk av AND. I Python s\u00e5 har man ogs\u00e5 verdiene True og False. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I en if-struktur som vist under s\u00e5 sp\u00f8rres det om farge1 er bl\u00e5 og om farge2 er r\u00f8d. En slik if-sp\u00f8rring gir da resultat True, dersom begge fargene i dette tilfellet er riktig. Alle andre svar gir i henhold til tabellen over False og muligheten g\u00e5r til delen som st\u00e5r under else:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ved deretter \u00e5 forandre p\u00e5 de fargene som det sp\u00f8rres etter i linje 9, s\u00e5 kan man se at kun n\u00e5r begge fargene er riktig s\u00e5 f\u00e5r man svaret: &#8220;Begge fargene er riktig&#8221;. AND er alts\u00e5 en strengere boolsk operator enn OR. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/trinket.io\/embed\/python3\/47e28a5c66\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e5r vi n\u00e5 skal se p\u00e5 hvor operatoren OR fungerer, og sannhetstabellen for OR vil v\u00e6re litt anderledes enn AND. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e5r vi ser sannhetstabellen under s\u00e5 ser vi at et svar eller begge svar m\u00e5 v\u00e6re riktig for at en hvis-struktur (if) skal sl\u00e5 til. Det som menes med &#8220;sl\u00e5 til&#8221; er at n\u00e5r betingelsene er oppfylt s\u00e5 vil det som st\u00e5r i strukturen bli utf\u00f8rt. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>A<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>or<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>B<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>=<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>svar<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">or<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">or<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">or<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">or<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">=<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption>Sannhetstabell for boolsk operator: or<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>I vinduet under vil du kunne pr\u00f8ve ut hvorda OR oppf\u00f8rer seg i forskjellige settinger. Pr\u00f8v \u00e5 forandre p\u00e5 innhold p\u00e5 variabler. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/trinket.io\/embed\/python3\/366003e812\" width=\"100%\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Operatorer kan ogs\u00e5 n\u00f8stes slik som v gj\u00f8r med andre variable i algebra. Under her kommer et eksempel som tar bruk av AND og OR. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/trinket.io\/embed\/python3\/942328a1ab\" width=\"100%\" height=\"600\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5>if<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>sveinung.grande<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PSEUdokode I Python handler betingelser om \u00e5 sammenligne mellom feks to verdier. Du kan f\u00e5 Python til \u00e5 gj\u00f8re et spesifikt valg dersom en verdi er over eller under en terskelverdi. F\u00f8lgende eksempel i pseudokode kan eksemplifisere dette: Dette kan igjen struktureres mer slik: I et python program s\u00e5 kunne dette v\u00e6rt realisert slik: &#8220;Kodeordene&#8221; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":109,"menu_order":40,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=125"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":558,"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/125\/revisions\/558"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/web01.usn.no\/~sir\/programmeringiskolen\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}